Geochemical characteristics and geological significance of the Dianzhong Formation slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit, Xizang
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摘要:
林子宗群是印度–亚洲大陆汇聚的重要产物，主要为一套火山岩和少量沉积岩，本次在斯弄多银多金属矿床林子宗群火山岩系的典中组中发现了大量板岩，为了研究其成因及对成矿作用的指示，对斯弄多典中组板岩开展了岩石学和全岩地球化学研究，结果显示：斯弄多典中组板岩与火山岩呈渐变接触关系，且与火山岩的大部分主量、稀土和微量元素地球化学组成相似，而不同于沉积成因的板岩。但同时，与典中组火山岩相比，典中组板岩的亚铁和As含量明显增高，虽然沉积成因的板岩As含量同样较高，但其亚铁含量却较低，亚铁和As没有明确的关系。结果表明，斯弄多典中组板岩的原岩为典中组酸性火山岩，由典中组火山岩与后期岩浆热液发生接触热变质而形成，并促进火山岩中金的富集，因此区域低温变质作用可能是典中组火山岩形成金矿的必要条件。
Abstract:The Linzizong Group is an important product of the India-Asia continental convergence, primarily consisting of a suite of volcanic rocks and a small amount of sedimentary rocks. In this work, a significant amount of slate was discovered in the Dianzhong Formation of the Linzizong Group volcanic rocks from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit. In order to study the origin of the slate and its indications for mineralization, petrological and whole-rock geochemical studies were carried out on the slate. The results show that the slate exhibits a gradual contact relationship with the Dianzhong Formation volcanic rocks and has a similar geochemical composition of most of the major, rare earth, and trace elements of the volcanic rocks, which is different from that of the slate of sedimentary origin. However, the sub-iron and arsenic contents of the slate are significantly higher than those of the Dianzhong Formation volcanic rocks. Although the arsenic contents of the slate of sedimentary origin are similarly high, there is no clear relationship between the sub-iron and arsenic contents. The results suggest that the protolith of the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit is the Dianzhong Formation acidic volcanic rocks, and was formed by the metamorphism of the Dianzhong Group volcanic rocks through the reheating of the later magmatic events, contributing to the enrichment of gold in the volcanic rocks. Regional low temperature metamorphism may be a necessary condition for the formation of gold ores in the Dianzhong Formation volcanic rocks.
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Keywords:
- metamorphism /
- geochemistry /
- slate /
- Linzizong Group /
- volcanic rock /
- gold mineralization
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图 1 斯弄多矿集区区域地质简图（a）和地质图（b）（Yang et al., 2021）
Figure 1. Regional geological sketch (a) and geological map (b) of the Sinongduo ore concentration area (Yang et al., 2021)
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图 2 斯弄多银多金属矿床钻孔柱状图
Figure 2. Columnar illustration of drill cores of the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit
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图 3 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩特征
Figure 3. Characteristics of the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit
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图 4 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩显微镜下特征
Figure 4. Microphotographs of the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit
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图 6 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图（a）（Sun and McDonough, 1989）和上地壳标准化（Taylor and McLennan, 1995）配分图（b）（斯弄多凝灰岩、扎西康日当组板岩和温江寺金矿板岩数据分别引自丁帅等，2017，李关清等，2014和代军治等，2011，下同）
Figure 6. Chondrite-normalized (a) (Sun and McDonough, 1989) and UCC-normalized (Taylor and McLennan, 1995) REE (b) patterns for the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit (the data of Sinongduo tuff, slate from Zhaxikang Ridang Formation, and slate from Wenjiangsi Au deposite are after Ding et al., 2017, Guan et al., 2014, and Dai et al., 2011, respectively; the same below)
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图 7 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩微量元素原始地幔标准化（Sun and McDonough, 1989）蛛网图（斯弄多凝灰岩数据引自丁帅等，2017）
Figure 7. Primitive mantle-normalized (Sun and McDonough, 1989) trace element diagram for the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit (the data of the Sinongduo tuff are after Ding et al., 2017)
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图 8 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩原岩恢复图解（Winchester and Max, 1982）
Figure 8. Protolith reconstruction diagrams for the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit (Winchester and Max, 1982)
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图 5 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩主量元素 Harker 图解（斯弄多凝灰岩数据引自丁帅等，2017，下同）
Figure 5. Harker diagrams of major elements for the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit（the data of Sinongduo tuff are after Ding et al., 2017, the same below）
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图 9 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩原岩Zr/TiO2–Nb/Y分类图解（Winchester and Floyd，1977）
Figure 9. Zr/TiO2–Nb/Y diagram of the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit (Winchester and Floyd, 1977)
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图 10 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩中矿化现象
Py—黄铁矿；Gn—方铅矿；Qz—石英；Cal—方解石；Chl—绿泥石
Figure 10. Mineralization in the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit
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图 11 斯弄多银多金属矿床板岩As–FeO图解（斯弄多岩浆岩数据引自Yang et al., 2021）
Figure 11. As–FeO diagram for the slate from the Sinongduo Ag polymetallic deposit (the data of Sinongduo magmatic rocks are after Yang et al., 2021)
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