Abstract: In the third and fourth coal measures of the Permian strata in the Yongcheng coalfield, Henan, the spatial distribution of sedimentary facies,the features of channel-fill sandstones and other evidences have reflected the characteristics of anastomosed fluvial depositional systems, which are developed on the deltaic plain with flat topography and lower gradients against a background of basin subsidence,and governed by synsedimentary structures. The synsedmentary faulting and downwarping have created the permanent low-lying topographic conditions for the long-term and steady development of the anastomosed channels. Furthermore, the luxuriant vegetation,approximate balance between tectonic settling velocity and compensating velocity, and abrupt marine invasion also allow for the long-term and steady development of the above-mentioned channels.