Abstract: It is widely perceived that the foreland basins tend to be rich in oil and gas resources throughout the world.The foreland basins in western China also have an abundance of source rocks and advantaged reservoir rocks,and excellent source-reservoir-seal associations.The present paper focuses on the regularity of the horizontal and longitudinal accumulation of oil and gas in the foreland basins in western China.The longitudinal accumulation of oil and gas tend to be controlled by sedimentary evolution,while the horizontal accumulation of oil and gas by tectonic units.The lithologic oil and gas reservoirs are developed in the foreland thrust fault zones due to highly structural activity.The lithologic oil and gas reservoirs are devoloped in the foredeep depression zones and forebulge zones due to the cratonward pinching of strata.