A preliminary discussion on the physical and chemical characteristics and main controlling factors of soil and parent material in the middle and high mountain area——Take Xichang as an example

In order to study the physical and chemical properties and controlling factors of soil and parent material in the middle and high mountain area, this paper takes Xichang, Sichuan Province as an example, systematically summarizes the geological formation background, Classification of parent material types based on geological construction background, the physical and chemical properties of soil and parent material and the relationship among soil moisture content, pH value and elevation are discussed. Through the data analysis and nutrient element content evaluation of the same soil formed by different parent materials, we suggest that the geological setting directly controls the physical and chemical properties of parent material and soil. There is inheritance of nutrient element migration between parent material and soil. The results of this paper provide theoretical basis for the relationship between soil types and parent materials.