Basic features of crust-mantle structure of the Tibet Plateau

The Tibet Plateau, a result of the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate since the Cenozoic, with a more than 4000 m average elevation, is an ideal site to study the collision processes. The collision processes of the Tibet Plateau and the northern boundary of the Indian plate lithosphere are still controversial, which may be caused by the differences and limitations of different research methods. The crust-mantle structure and material composition of the plateau lithosphere are discussed in this paper, and the tectonic attributes of the Bangonghu-Nujiang tectonic belt are discussed from a new geological perspective. Based on the previous deep structure data, it is concluded that the crust-mantle lithosphere structure of the Tibet Plateau is relatively complex, for example, the lithosphere thickness inner the Plateau is significantly thicker than that in the surrounding areas, and the low velocity and high conductivity layers are widely distributed in the middle and lower crust and upper mantle. These special geological and geophysical structures are the result of the Indian-Asian plate collision. In addition, the geological and geophysical structures of the Bangonghu-Nujiang tectonic belt are compared and analyzed in this paper. It is concluded that there are significant differences between the two sides of the Bangonghu-Nujiang belt, indicating that it is the northern margin of the Indian lithosphere.