An application of the high-precision 3D seismic data acquisition technique to the TBM exploration area

The TBM exploration area lies in the northern part of the Ordos Basin, where the low velocity layers are laterally discontimuous, and dominantly made up of drifting sand, water sand and loess layers. The water tables are variable, and the hydrocarbon reservoirs are highly heterogeneous and associated with coal seams. The highprecision 3D seismic exploration is carried out in the area of 100 km² of the TBM exploration area. The emphasis in the high-precision 3D seismic data acquisition is placed upon the optimization of 3D observation systems, analysis and use of virtual reflection interfaces, selection of excitation lithology, convergence measurements of the power spectrum areas and bandwidths in order to determine appropriate 3D observation systems and excitation factors.